Canada faces the pressing policy challenge of ensuring sustainable population growth, which has historically relied upon both immigration and fertility (Hiebert 2025). However, Canada has yet to develop a national population policy, and recent decisions to reduce immigration levels have led Canada’s population to shrink year over year for the first time since Confederation (McGoey and Nicol 2026; Savoie 2026). In the absence of a population policy framework, decision-making can respond more to demographic debates circulating online than actual demographic strategy. Migration and fertility are hotly debated in social media narratives, which scapegoat both immigrants and women for supposed demographic or civilizational decline of the white settler colonial nation (Amnesty International 2026). In what ways are these pseudo-scientific demographic debates influencing population policy making in Canada? What kinds of actual scientific evidence can help to understand the relationship between migration, fertility, and population change, and inform the development of a robust and sustainable population policy? This project deploys advanced digital technologies (ADTs) to map demographic debates on immigration and fertility in Canada as key drivers of population change. Specifically, the project uses digital research methods to contrast academic corpora of knowledge with social media narratives around demographic change. Bridging feminist politics and demography, the project aims to promote productive dialogue on Canada’s population challenges. Navigating the demographic transition of the 21st century requires careful attention to the digital politics of manipulation of public opinion, which undermine public support for two longstanding Canadian policy commitments: migrant integration and women’s reproductive rights.